Monday, October 1, 2012

Year of Grace: Faith and Reason Encyclical Chapter 7 part 1:



The indispensable requirement of the word of God.


The Sacred Scripture gives mankind a glimpse of man’s experience of the world, which is not absolute.  God alone is Absolute.  The vision presented in the Scripture embraces man’s life, his freedom and the immortality of the human spirit.  To deny that every creature is dependent upon God is irrational and runs counter to human life.

All forms of relativism, materialism and pantheism and problems bound up with the moral evil, which stem from the disordered exercise of human freedom.  The Bible contains God’s word, which is absolutely necessary for mankind’s wellbeing.

The mystery of the Incarnation as revealed in the Bible will always remain the central point of reference for an understanding of the enigma of human existence, the created world and God himself.  In the mystery of the Incarnate Word, human nature and divine nature are safeguarded in all their autonomy.  Philosophy is pushed to the limit by this mystery, and reason is likewise stretched to comprehend the logic of the mystery of the incarnate Word, in which the essence of God and of the human being becomes intelligible.

The search for meaning often becomes very difficult because of the crisis of meaning due to a fragmentation of knowledge.  A radical doubt has grown up which lead to indifference or to various forms of nihilism.
  
A philosophy which no longer seeks the meaning of life ultimately by does not search for truth concerning God and to answer the questions ‘Who am I?’ where have I come from and where am I going? Why is there evil? What is there after this life?’

The first requirement for philosophy is to recover its ‘sapiential dimensions’ as a search from the ultimate and overarching meaning of life.  With the immense expansion of humanity’s technical capability, it is essential for philosophy to obtain and explore a deep sense of ultimate values, as otherwise placing the utilitarian end of technology as most desirable, then, as John Paul 11, noted in his Encyclical Letter ‘Redemptor Hominis’ (4 March 1979) it could soon prove inhuman and even become a potential destroyer of the human race.

The Word of God reveals the final destiny of the men and women and provides a unifying explanation of all that they do in the world.  That is why philosophy is needed to search for the natural foundation of this meaning, which corresponds to the religious impulse innate in every person.  It would be a false philosophy that does not do this.

A second important feature of philosophy is to verify the human capacity to know the objective truth about life.  The Second Vatican Council, when referring to faith stated:
‘ Intelligence is not confined to observable data alone.  It can with genuine certitude attain to reality itself as knowledgeable, though in consequence of sin that certitude is partially obscured and weakened.’

The Bible and New Testament in particular contain texts and statements relating to the nature, essential properties and relations of being and reality.  The inspired authors intended to formulate true statement expressing objective reality.  Thus theologians need a philosophy, which does not disavow the possibility of that knowledge which is objectively true, even it not perfect.  This applies equally to the judgments of a moral conscience, which sacred Scripture considers capable of being objectively true.

Another requirement of philosophy is to transmit empirical data in order to attain something absolute, ultimate and foundational in its search for truth.  It is also required to know moral good, which stems from God himself. The late Pope stated that reality and truth transcend the factual and empirical, yet it is possible, although imperfectly, for a person to know the transcendent and metaphysical dimension in a true and certain manner.  Such a person is privileged in encountering such a dimension such as truth, beauty, moral values, other persons, in being alive and recognising God.

The late Pope believed we should move from phenomenon to foundation, as experience itself is not good enough.  A philosophy that shies away from abstract or abstruse matters (metaphysics) is unlikely to reflect upon and understand Revelation.

Just having a sense experience would be insufficient to gain an intelligent insight in the word of God.   Metaphysics is essential when considering theological research.  Without it theology would be crippled if it were to provide a coherent account of the universal and transcendent value of revealed truth.  That is why the Pope was so insistent upon philosophy embarking upon a metaphysical approach rather than the mistaken behaviour pervading large sectors of philosophy at present.

It is clear some scholars working in the fields of hermeneutics and the analysis of language stop short in understanding reality and whether reason can discover its essence.  By adopting such a short-sighted approach, these professional disqualify themselves by abasing their reason.  They are not prepared to consider the word of God, when analysing language nor to give any credence to Revelation of God.

The Pope backed by other Popes and the Second Vatican Council strongly reaffirmed the conviction that men can come to a unified and organised vision of knowledge.  By having a splintered approach to truth and meanings keeps people from an interior unity.  Pastors in the Church are obliged to instruct the people in the correct paths to follow.

If philosophers desire to follow through the word of God when thinking, then they must have regard the Church’s traditions including the fundamental achievements of modern and contemporary thoughts.  Should they carry out this approach, they will not fail to respect philosophy’s demand for autonomy.

An appeal to tradition is not a mere remembrance of the past; it involves rather the recognition of a cultural heritage, which belongs to all of humanity.  Similarly theology is bound up with living tradition, and must maintain links to the profound theological traditions of the earlier times.


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